Heating-stove.



No. 643,8!3. Patented Feb. 20, I900.

S. H. COWLES. I

HEATING STOVE.

(Apphcatxon filed. Oct 22 1898 (No Moda'l Jlliomcz-ys. I

. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

H EATING-STOVE.

SPEGIFIIGA'IION forming part of Letters Patent No. 643,813, dated February 20, 1900.

A Application filed October 22, 1898. Serial No. 694,287. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL H. COWLES, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oakville, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Heating-Stove, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates'to improvements in heating-stoves of that class which employ a chamber around a fire-pot for the purpose of heating air; and the primary object of the present improvement is to provide a simple structure in which cold air drawn from the floor of the room may circulate through the heating chamber in contact with the hot walls of the fire-pot and pass back in a heated condition into the room for the purpose of warming the latter, thereby effecting economy in the quantity of coal consumed and securing maximum heating efficiency of the stove.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved fire-pot through which the fuel as it is consumed may freely descend upon the grate without liability of choking or lodging and to overcome the formation of clinkers on the inner surface of saidfire-pot, and withthis fire-pot is associated a retaining-ring, which is joined in an airtight manner to the cylindrical shell or body of the stove and which also serves to deflect the fuel into the contracted mouth at the upper end of the fire-pot.

With these ends in view the invention consists in the novel construction and arrangement of parts, which will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

To enable others to understand the invention, it is represented in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which- Figure 1 is an elevation of a heating-stove constructed in accordance with the present improvements. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional elevation on a plane through the fuel and ashpit doors. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view on the plane indicated by the dotted line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. l is an enlarged fragmentary section through a part of the stove shell or body, the tapered. fire-pot, and the retaining and deflecting ring, illustrating more clearly the cement-sealed joint between said ring and the stove-body. Fig. 5 is a detail view showing the connection between the base, the shell, and the lower end of the fire-pot.

Like numerals of reference denote like and corresponding parts in each of the several figures of the drawings.

The stove-base 10 is constructed with an ordinary ash-pit 11, access to which is obtained through a door 12, having a regulating-damper 13. Upon this base is erected the cylindrical shell or body 14, which may be of either cast or sheet metal, and this body is surmounted by a cap or top 15, which supports an ornamental figure of any suitable character. The stove base 10 is provided with a horizontal supporting-flange 16, the upper face of which is preferably provided with annular grooves to receive the lower edges of the body and the fire-pot, substantially as indicated by Figs. 2 and 5, and with a depressed cross-bar 16 below the flange for the support of the grate. This horizontal flange has an outside annular flange 17, within which is fitted the lower edge of the shell or body 14, and an inner annular perforated flange 18, which is concentric with the grooves and the outside flange, so as to receive the lower edge of the fire-pot. The cylindrical body or shell 1 1 has a fuel-door 19, provided with a'damper 19 of any suitable pattern, and on its rear side said shell or body 14: has a pipe-nipple 20, to which may be fitted a smoke-exit pipe in the usual way.

21 indicates the fire-pot, which in my invention is of cast metal to secure a good radiating-surface for the heat, and in practice I do not employ a'firebrick lining, thus leaving the surface of the metallic fire-pot exposed to the heat generated by the combustion of the fuel. This fire-pot is peculiarly formed with a view to facilitating the passage of the fuel therethrough and to obviate the formation of clinkers on' the inner surface thereof, and said fire-pot is of considerable depth and is arranged within the stove shell or body to provide an air-circulating chamber' between itself and said stove-body. The fire-pot is of conicocylindrical form to taper from its bottom end toward its upper end, and the large open lower end of said fire-pot rests upon the horizontal supporting-flange 16, while the contracted mouth at the upper end of the fire-pot terminates on a line below the fuel-door 19. The lower edge of this firepot rests on the horizontal flange 16, in one of the grooves therein, to receive within itself the flange 1b and is perforated to register with the perforations of said flange and is secured thereto by transverse bolts or rivets 22, which serve to hold the fire-pot securely in a spaced relation to the shell or body 14. The upper end of the fire-pot is held in place by a ring 23, which closes the space or chamber formed between the stove-body and the fire-pot, and this ring has a flared or inclined face 2;, which deflects the fuel into the firepot and obviates the lodgment of fuel and ashes on a ledge or shoulder between the firepot and stove-body. This inclined ring 23 may be cast as an integral part of the fire-pot, or it may be made separate therefrom, as shown by Fig. 2. The lower edge of the inclined ring may be provided with a groove to receive the upper small end of the tapered fire-pot, and this ring is arranged within and united to the stove-body to secure a gas-tight joint between said ring and stove-body, thus preventing the passage of coal-gas into the air-circulating chamber between the fire-pot and stove-shell. The external diameter of this flared ring is equal to the internal diameter of the stove-body, so that a close joint is obtained between the ring and body when the parts are assembled, and said ring is fastened in place by screws or bolts, as at 25, although said screws are not essential, because the ring may be supported by the fire-pot. To secure the gas-tight joint between the stove-body and the ring, I provide an annular recess 26 in the upper face and at the circumferential edge of the ring, and in this recess is deposited a suitble cement to secure the cement-sealed joint 27 between the ring and the stove-body. The flared ring occupies a horizontal position below the fuel-door of the stove, and the fuel which may be introduced through the dooropening is deflected by the ring into the contracted mouth of the fire-pot.

The ring 23 serves a twofold function in my improved stovefirst, as a closure for the upper end of the air-heating chamber to prevent the gas arising from the burning coal from passing into the air-chamber, and, secondly, as the means for directing the fuel into the firepot. In a structure of this character it is necessary to provide an air-tight joint between the air-heating chamber and the interior of the stove, which contains the body of incandescent fuel, and-to attain this end in the best possible manner the ring 23 is constructed with the peripheral groove in its upper edge, said groove receiving a plastic filling, which is in contact with the stove-body in order to produce a hermetically-sealed joint between the ring and the body. In addition to joining the ring to the body by the plastic joint the ring is secured positively in place by the screws 25, which are attached to the body and t6 the ring, so as to support the latter firmly in-place against jarring when the fire-pot is vibrated by the grate, particularly during the operation of shaking down the ashes from the mass of incandescent fuel. The positive connection of the ring to the stove-body by means of the screws or bolts relieves the plastic joint from undue strain and prevents fracture of the joint under the vibration of the fire-pot.

The fire-pot is arranged within the stove body or shell to providean annular chamber 28, which tapers in a vertical direction, and the lower part of this chamber is closed by the horizontal base-flange 16, while its upper part is closed by the flared ring 23. Cold-airinlet ports 29 are provided in the stove body or shell in circular series just above the horizontal flange of the base, and two series of hot-air-outlet ports 30 are provided in said stove body or shell below the inclined ring 23. The lower series of openings 29 open into or communicate with the lower part of the chamber 28, so as to provide for the free ingress of cold air which may be drawn from the lower strata of air next to the floor of a room. The inflowing cold air impinges against the hot walls of the fire-pot, so as to be heated thereby, and the air as it is heated rises or ascends through the chamber 28 until it finds egress through the ports 30. It will be observed that the smoke and gaseous products of combustion escape from the fire-pot directly into the upper part of the stove-body and pass to the pipe-nipple and the smoke-pipe; but by reason of the flared ring having the sealed joint with the stove-body the gaseous products of combustion are prevented from passing into the circulating-chamber 28. The described construction of the stove utilizes the escaping products of combustion to heat the upper part of the shell or body from which the heat may be radiated, while the lower part of the shell or body constitutes an airheating chamber through which cold air may circulate to have contact with the hot walls of the fire-pot, so as to be heated thereby and discharged back into the room for warming the latter.

The stove is equipped with a grate 31 of any approved construction and which is supported across the large lower end of the tapered fire-pot, substantially as shown by Fig. 2.

Changes may be made in the form of some of the parts, and particularly the fire-pot, while their essential features are retained and the spirit of the invention embodied. Hence I do not desire to be limited to the precise form of all the parts as shown, reserving the right to vary therefrom.

The form of the air inlet and outlet ports which I prefer to employ is indicated more clearly by Fig. 1, and this style of openings provides for the free passage of the air and gives an ornamental appearance to the stoveshell; but it will be understood that I do not strictly confine myself to any particular shape of the openings.

Having thus described the invention,what 5 I claim is The stove, comprising the base-plate made in a single piece, and having the inwardlyextending horizontal annular flange 16, with the concentric rabbets and inner vertical annular flange 18, on its upper side, and the spanner or bridge-piece forming the support to the grate; the exterior casing seated at its lower edge in the outer rabbet, the fire-pot 21 seated at its lower edge in the inner rabbet, 5 and bolted to the flange 18, which bears against its inner side; and the flared annulus 23, rabbeted on the upper end of the firepot, and forming a tight joint with the exterior casing, the latter being provided with the series of air-openings 29, 30, between said base-piece and said flared annulus, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aflixed my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

SAMUEL H. OOWLES.

Witnesses:

GEO. B. SOOVILL, BEN. JONES; 

